Embodied carbon—the emissions produced by building materials before a building is even occupied—is now one of the most significant factors shaping our environmental impact. This guide, created in collaboration with Union’s 2025 United in Design Scholar Sulem Hernandez and intern Julia Renaghan, breaks down what embodied carbon is, how it’s measured, and how thoughtful material choices can meaningfully reduce a project’s footprint. By comparing common assemblies and highlighting low-carbon alternatives, it offers practical strategies designers can apply early in the process to create buildings that are resilient, responsible, and aligned with a sustainable future.
This resource is designed for architects, designers, planners, and clients seeking a clearer understanding of how material decisions influence climate impact. It provides approachable explanations, visual comparisons, and actionable guidance to support early-stage decision-making—helping teams integrate low-carbon thinking into everyday practice and communicate the value of these choices across project stakeholders.
